id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
9452,895,211,102,30,2,69,Stewed seeds taken as a tonic.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30"
9656,915,211,102,26,2,69,Infusion of dried roots in brandy used as a tonic for feeling low.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 26"
9664,915,259,33,477,2,69,Decoction of leaves taken as a tonic for general indisposition.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 477"
9681,916,100,7,408,2,69,Compound decoction of roots and bark taken as a tonic.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 408"
9779,931,62,97,33,2,69,Infusion of roots used as a tonic for sickly children.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33"
9781,931,63,22,"28, 74",2,69,Infusion of root used as a tonic for 'sickly children.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 28, 74"
9831,940,32,1,29,2,69,Infusion of root used as a tonic for nerves.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 29"
9899,947,32,1,49,2,69,Used to make a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49"
10168,1007,241,25,29,2,69,Infusion of plants taken as a general tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 29"
10228,1019,157,74,47,2,69,Plant used as tonic after deliverance.,"Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 47"
10238,1019,176,55,40,2,69,Decoction of plants taken as a tonic for general or out-of-sorts feeling.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
10263,1019,259,55,40,2,69,Decoction of plants taken as a tonic for general or out-of-sorts feeling.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
10264,1019,259,33,459,2,69,Mild decoction of plant taken as a tonic or 'remedy for general disorder.',"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 459"
10528,1055,138,176,133,2,69,Compound decoction of root taken as a mild tonic.,"Densmore, Francis, 1932, Menominee Music, SI-BAE Bulletin #102, page 133"
10765,1088,32,1,32,2,69,Root bark used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
10839,1091,94,77,66,2,69,Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"
10856,1091,209,77,66,2,69,Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"
10884,1093,32,1,32,2,69,Root bark used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
10887,1093,62,97,31,2,69,Roots used as a tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 31"
10888,1093,63,22,"26, 74",2,69,Compound containing root used as a tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 74"
10894,1093,211,102,33,2,69,Decoction of dried bark from roots used as a tonic.,"Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 33"
10905,1096,94,77,66,2,69,Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"
10913,1096,209,77,66,2,69,Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"
10976,1101,94,77,66,2,69,Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"
10981,1101,209,77,66,2,69,Infusion of bitter bark used as a tonic.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 66"
11621,1161,177,154,335,2,69,Plant used as a tonic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335"
11767,1168,32,1,32,2,69,Used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 32"
12612,1317,100,7,388,2,69,Compound decoction of roots taken as a blood medicine or tonic.,"Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 388"
12938,1369,138,51,"33, 34",2,69,Decoction of root taken as a bitter tonic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 33, 34"
12943,1369,173,20,367368,2,69,Infusion of root used as a tonic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 367368"
13184,1407,95,82,312,2,69,Dried flowers and stems taken as a tonic.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 312"
13205,1407,183,12,68-70,2,69,Infusion or decoction of twigs or branches taken as a tonic.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68-70"
13221,1407,232,12,68-70,2,69,Infusion or decoction of twigs or branches taken as a tonic.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68-70"
13224,1407,257,82,312,2,69,Dried flowers and stems taken as a tonic.,"Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians.  Garland: New York., page 312"
13688,1455,232,12,57,2,69,Infusion of dried leaves and flowers taken as a general tonic.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 57"
14323,1558,39,118,23,2,69,Decoction of leaves taken as a general tonic.,"Bushnell, Jr., David I., 1909, The Choctaw of Bayou Lacomb, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, SI-BAE Bulletin #48, page 23"
14420,1574,32,1,38,2,69,Used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
14454,1579,32,1,"41, 42",2,69,Infusion of root used as a tonic during pregnancy.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42"
14484,1580,32,1,26,2,69,Used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 26"
14529,1580,149,110,266,2,69,Complex compound infusion including boneset taken as spring tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266"
14533,1580,192,103,311,2,69,Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"
14535,1580,211,102,34,2,69,"Infusion of dried leaves, picked before flowers matured, taken as a tonic.","Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 34"
14545,1581,32,1,38,2,69,Used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38"
14554,1582,32,1,"41, 42",2,69,Root used for 'female problems' and infusion of root used as a tonic during pregnancy.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 41, 42"
14774,1619,32,1,33,2,69,Used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 33"
15074,1645,24,31,131,2,69,Infusion of berries taken as a tonic.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 131"
15121,1648,217,23,86,2,69,Bark soaked in cold water and used as an excellent tonic.,"Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 86"
15154,1651,32,1,30,2,69,Root used as tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 30"
15177,1654,232,12,76,2,69,Decoction of root taken as a tonic for any general weakness or illness.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 76"
15289,1660,173,20,376,2,69,Compound containing inner bark used as a tonic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 376"
15319,1661,38,4,364,2,69,Decoction of inner bark taken as a tonic.,"Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 364"
15480,1682,192,103,311,2,69,Compound infusion of plant taken as a tonic.,"Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 311"
15591,1702,38,15,138,2,69,Decoction of plants taken as spring and fall tonic to keep blood in good order.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 138"
15597,1702,62,97,33,2,69,"Plants used with poke root, mullein leaves, wild cherry and black cohosh barks as a tonic.","Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33"
15599,1702,63,22,"28, 76",2,69,Complex compound containing entire plant taken as a tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 28, 76"
15687,1703,241,25,43,2,69,Infusion of leaves taken as a convalescent tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 43"
15772,1717,61,17,109,2,69,Simple or compound decoction of root taken as a tonic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109"
15773,1717,280,17,109,2,69,Simple or compound decoction of root taken as a tonic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 109"
15781,1719,32,1,35,2,69,Root used as a tonic.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35"
15885,1732,5,130,427,2,69,Decoction of root taken as a tonic.,"Bank, II, Theodore P., 1953, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies in the Aleutian Islands  II.  Health and Medical Lore of the Aleuts, Botanical and Ethnobotanical Studies Papers, Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, page 427"
15934,1738,23,146,38,2,69,"Leaves dried, crushed, mixed with other medicines and used as a tonic.","Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 38"
15951,1738,259,33,466,2,69,Decoction of root taken as a tonic.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 466"
15966,1742,158,106,38,2,69,Infusion of plant taken or plant smoked as a tonic.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38"
16008,1752,63,22,25,2,69,Compound containing bark used as a general tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25"
16013,1752,139,21,228229,2,69,Decoction of bark taken by patient to help regain flesh and strength.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 228229"
16064,1758,151,30,35,2,69,Infusion of roots taken as a tonic.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 35"
16088,1763,53,25,26,2,69,Infusion of plants taken as a tonic.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 26"
16379,1791,177,154,335,2,69,Bark used as a tonic.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 335"
16496,1807,61,91,363,2,69,Infusion of plants taken as a tonic appetizer in diet of sick.,"Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 363"
16556,1820,63,22,76,2,69,Plant used as a 'strengthening' medicine.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 76"
16851,1851,133,3,293,2,69,Used as a spring tonic.,"Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 293"
16887,1851,176,55,40,2,69,Decoction of roots taken as a tonic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
16941,1851,259,33,457,2,69,Decoction of root used as a tonic and purgative.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 457"
16942,1851,259,55,40,2,69,Decoction of roots taken as a tonic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 40"
17030,1865,35,138,286287,2,69,Root used as a tonic.,"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287"
17032,1865,39,138,286287,2,69,Root used as a tonic.,"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287"
17034,1865,59,138,286287,2,69,Root used as a tonic.,"Campbell, T.N., 1951, Medicinal Plants Used by Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Creek Indians in the Early Nineteenth Century, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(9):285-290, page 286287"
17125,1878,232,12,"87, 88",2,69,Decoction of root taken as a tonic for general debility.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 87, 88"
17170,1887,175,32,84,2,69,Infusion of leaves and roots taken as a general tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
17175,1891,175,32,84,2,69,Infusion of leaves and roots taken as a general tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 84"
17325,1904,133,25,33,2,69,Decoction of bark taken as a tonic by convalescents and athletes.,"Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 33"
17443,1920,63,22,26,2,69,Infusion of plant taken as a 'tonic-stimulant.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26"
17507,1928,32,1,36,2,69,Used as a tonic and wash for local inflammations.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 36"
17805,1984,62,97,33,2,69,Roots used with black snakeroot and stone root as a tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 33"
17808,1984,63,22,"31, 76",2,69,Root used in tonic taken for 'strengthening digestive organs.',"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 31, 76"
17942,1996,232,12,"76, 77",2,69,Simple or compound decoction of whole plant taken as a blood tonic.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 76, 77"
18009,2004,158,106,38,2,69,Plant used as a tonic.,"Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 38"
18149,2023,17,139,48,2,69,Infusion of resinous roots used as a general tonic.,"Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48"
18150,2023,17,111,40,2,69,Infusion of root used as a tonic.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 40"
18226,2031,206,43,"60, 61",2,69,Infusion of inner bark taken as a tonic and bark used as a physic.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 60, 61"
18467,2054,64,22,"68, 82",2,69,Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82"
18482,2054,100,116,83,2,69,Infusion of boughs used as a tonic.,"Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 83"
18488,2054,134,93,252,2,69,Infusion of boughs used as a tonic.,"Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 252"
18493,2054,141,35,57,2,69,Stems used in a tonic and bark used for tuberculosis.,"Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 57"
18498,2054,175,32,18,2,69,Infusion of bark and needles taken as a tonic before entering the sweathouse.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 18"
18504,2054,176,55,42,2,69,Decoction of small branches used as a tonic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
18533,2054,259,10,92,2,69,Decoction of branches taken as a tonic.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 92"
18534,2054,259,55,42,2,69,Decoction of small branches used as a tonic.,"Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 42"
18535,2054,259,33,474,2,69,Decoction of twigs taken as a tonic for the stomach.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 474"
18563,2055,183,12,"91, 92",2,69,Seeds from dried fruit eaten as a blood tonic.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 91, 92"
18566,2055,232,12,"91, 92",2,69,Decoction of branches taken as a blood tonic.,"Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 91, 92"