id,species,tribe,source,pageno,use_category,use_subcategory,notes,rawsource
32449,3289,100,107,99,1,56,"Acorns boiled, roasted, pounded, mixed with meal or meat and eaten as soup.","Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99"
32287,3273,125,156,31,1,56,Acorns chopped and cooked in soups and meats.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 31"
31983,3256,144,100,142,1,56,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32214,3270,144,100,142,1,56,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32258,3272,144,100,142,1,56,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32456,3289,144,100,142,1,56,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32593,3295,144,100,142,1,56,Acorns ground into a meal and used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142"
32066,3263,89,2,67,1,56,"Acorns parched, ground and used to make soup.","Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 67"
20534,2212,230,149,308,1,56,"Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into thin soup.","Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308"
31960,3255,230,149,308,1,56,"Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into thin soup.","Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308"
32145,3265,230,149,308,1,56,"Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into thin soup.","Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308"
32234,3270,230,149,308,1,56,"Acorns pounded, winnowed, leached and made into thin soup.","Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 308"
31916,3253,173,20,401,1,56,"Acorns soaked in lye water to remove bitter tannin taste, dried for storage and used to make soup. Lye for leaching acorns was obtained by soaking wood ashes in water.  Acorns were put in a net bag and then soaked in the lye, then rinsed several times in warm water.  The acorns were then dried for storage, and when wanted, pounded into a coarse flour which was used to thicken soups or form a sort of mush.","Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 401"
20522,2212,200,96,67,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 67"
20540,2212,287,69,88,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 88"
20543,2212,289,70,35,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 35"
32072,3263,97,127,12,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 12"
32132,3265,137,89,343,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 343"
32206,3270,137,89,342,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 342"
32265,3272,200,96,67,1,56,Acorns used to make soup.,"Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 67"
32226,3270,200,96,67,1,56,Acorns used to make soups.,"Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 67"
32524,3292,97,127,11,1,56,Acorns used to make stew.,"Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 11"
26354,2873,157,119,221,1,56,Beans boiled and used in stews.,"Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221"
26300,2870,100,112,103,1,56,"Beans boiled with green sweet corn, meat and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or fat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26317,2871,100,112,103,1,56,"Beans boiled with green sweet corn, meat and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or fat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26343,2873,100,112,103,1,56,"Beans boiled with green sweet corn, meat and seasoned with salt, pepper and butter or fat.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26284,2867,89,2,227,1,56,"Beans parched, ground and added to hot water to make a soup.","Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 227"
26312,2871,89,2,227,1,56,"Beans parched, ground and added to hot water to make a soup.","Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 227"
26338,2873,89,2,227,1,56,"Beans parched, ground and added to hot water to make a soup.","Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 227"
26310,2871,32,1,24,1,56,Beans used to make hickory nut soup.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24"
26335,2873,32,1,24,1,56,Beans used to make hickory nut soup.,"Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24"
33648,3385,23,26,104,1,56,Berries added to soups.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 104"
38578,3762,259,10,273,1,56,Berries boiled and eaten in soups such as salmon head soup.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 273"
4602,347,151,30,40,1,56,Berries boiled and used to make a broth.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 40"
18845,2060,2,37,63,1,56,Berries cooked in a stew.,"Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 63"
36900,3569,185,50,50,1,56,Berries dried and boiled into a soup.,"Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 50"
4558,347,47,144,90,1,56,"Berries dried, boiled with roots and eaten as soup.","Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
30882,3182,47,144,89,1,56,"Berries dried, boiled with roots and eaten as soup.","Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
34927,3469,47,144,89,1,56,"Berries dried, boiled with roots and eaten as soup.","Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 89"
42053,4077,47,144,90,1,56,"Berries dried, boiled with roots and eaten as soup.","Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 90"
36622,3565,287,69,86,1,56,Berries formerly made into soup.,"Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 86"
33094,3352,24,31,131,1,56,Berries ground into a flour and used to make soup.,"Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 131"
30823,3181,151,30,42,1,56,"Berries pulverized, shaped into round cakes, sun dried and used in soups and stews.","Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 42"
42469,4090,58,47,64,1,56,Berries stewed and served with fish or meat.,"Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 64"
30874,3182,23,42,277,1,56,Berries used for soups.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 277"
21447,2316,157,121,32,1,56,Berries used to make soup and stew.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 32"
4529,347,27,34,12,1,56,Berries used to make soup.,"Hocking, George M., 1949, From Pokeroot to Penicillin, The Rocky Mountain Druggist, November 1949.  Pages 12, 38., page 12"
12990,1374,255,36,13,1,56,Berries used to make soup.,"Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 13"
3096,209,23,42,277,1,56,Berries used with stews and soups.,"McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 277"
25750,2783,238,111,13,1,56,Boiled or roasted roots eaten or dried and ground into meal and used in soups.,"Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks.  Originally published in 1959, page 13"
6306,446,139,21,256,1,56,Buds used in soups.,"Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 256"
2227,158,72,54,28,1,56,Bulbs and leaves used to make soup.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 28"
2280,162,125,156,50,1,56,Bulbs cooked in stews.,"Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 50"
15356,1668,4,132,119,1,56,Bulbs dried and used in fish and meat stews.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 119"
2205,153,185,50,44,1,56,"Bulbs dried, ground and cooked in soup.","Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44"
14338,1561,23,26,102,1,56,Bulbs eaten with soup.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102"
15369,1669,23,26,102,1,56,Bulbs eaten with soup.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102"
20295,2188,23,26,103,1,56,Bulbs eaten with soup.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 103"
7852,700,31,25,24,1,56,"Bulbs smashed, pressed together like cheese and boiled in a stew with salmon.","Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24"
20283,2184,259,10,126,1,56,"Bulbs used to make a soup like clam chowder. A vegetable soup was made with salmon heads, bitterroot, tiger lily bulbs, water horehound roots, chocolate lily bulbs, the 'dry' variety of saskatoon berries, dried powdered bracken fern rhizome and chopped wild onions.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 126"
2141,141,157,121,29,1,56,Bulbs used to make soup.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29"
10179,1009,67,152,35,1,56,Corm added to duck or goose soup.,"Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 35"
10183,1010,4,132,117,1,56,Corms cooked and added to stews.,"Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 117"
30718,3181,23,26,104,1,56,"Crushed berries, mixed with backfat and used to make soup.","Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 104"
2917,204,23,26,100,1,56,"Crushed leaves mixed with blood, dried and used to make a rich broth in winter.","Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100"
4653,347,226,44,102,1,56,Dried berries used in soups.,"Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem:  Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 102"
2918,204,23,26,100,1,56,Dried berries used to make soups.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100"
30836,3181,173,135,2222,1,56,Dried berry powder mixed with dried meat flour for soup.,"Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2222"
44380,4244,62,97,55,1,56,Dried corn boiled in alkaline liquid and hulls combined with fresh or dried meat for stew.,"Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 55"
30278,3160,173,8,235,1,56,Dried fruit ground into a flour and used to make soup.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235"
30508,3172,173,8,235,1,56,Dried fruit ground into a flour and used to make soup.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235"
30655,3177,173,8,235,1,56,Dried fruit ground into a flour and used to make soup.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235"
30837,3181,173,8,235,1,56,Dried fruit ground into a flour and used to make soup.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235"
30925,3182,173,8,235,1,56,Dried fruit ground into a flour and used to make soup.,"Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235"
36037,3545,72,54,10,1,56,Dried leaves used in soups.,"Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska.  Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 10"
10317,1026,157,121,13,1,56,Dried leaves used to make stew.,"Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 13"
9949,958,259,10,178,1,56,"Dried roots rehydrated, scraped, chopped and cooked in stews. The roots were pit cooked after which they usually turned dark brown.  One or two bags of dried roots were stored each year by a family and were said to be 'full of vitamins.'  One informant said that the roots caused 'gas' if too many were eaten.","Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 178"
4258,327,100,112,120,1,56,Dried roots soaked and boiled into a soup.,"Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120"
26301,2870,100,112,103,1,56,"Dried seed pods soaked, boiled, seasoning and butter added and eaten as a soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26318,2871,100,112,103,1,56,"Dried seed pods soaked, boiled, seasoning and butter added and eaten as a soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
26344,2873,100,112,103,1,56,"Dried seed pods soaked, boiled, seasoning and butter added and eaten as a soup.","Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 103"
1857,96,157,195,94,1,56,"Dried, baked heads boiled and made into soup.","Brugge, David M., 1965, Navajo Use of Agave, Kiva 31(2):88-98, page 94"
4683,347,259,33,486,1,56,Drupes boiled in soups.,"Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 486"
12702,1338,67,152,34,1,56,"Fiddleheads, with the chaffy coverings removed, added to soups.","Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 34"
24654,2659,175,32,92,1,56,Flesh and fat boiled into a soup.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
24766,2667,175,32,92,1,56,Flesh and fat boiled into a soup.,"Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 92"
15417,1675,23,26,113,1,56,Flower heads used to absorb soups and broth.,"Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 113"
11662,1163,89,2,74,1,56,"Flowers and amaranth leaves boiled, ground and fresh or dried corn and water added to make soup.","Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 74"
6327,446,206,43,96,1,56,Flowers and buds used to thicken meat soups and to impart a very pleasing flavor to the dish.,"Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 96"
44025,4228,12,52,40,1,56,Flowers used as fresh vegetables in soups.,"Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 40"
25093,2700,138,51,70,1,56,"Frond tips simmered to remove the ants, added to soup stock and thickened with flour.","Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 70"
43086,4130,259,10,201,1,56,Fruit cooked in soups.,"Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany:  Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 201"
24805,2670,14,87,180,1,56,"Fruit pit baked, dried and boiled with fat or in soups.","Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache:  Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 180"
24744,2667,33,39,180,1,56,Fruit stewed with meat and game into a soup.,"Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 180"
21448,2316,157,74,74,1,56,"Fruits boiled, dried, stored for winter use and made into a soup.","Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 74"
15742,1707,100,107,96,1,56,"Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in soups.","Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
34714,3461,100,107,95,1,56,"Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in soups.","Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95"
42388,4087,100,107,96,1,56,"Fruits dried, soaked in water and used in soups.","Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96"
30797,3181,100,107,95,1,56,"Fruits pulverized, mixed with dried meat flour and eaten as soup.","Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 95"
2999,204,151,30,9,1,56,Fruits sun dried and eaten in meat stews.,"Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 9"
23599,2570,61,17,79,1,56,"Hard, nut-like seeds cracked, freed from the shells and used with meat to make soup.","Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 79"